Cleopatra VII

Cleopatra is known as an Egyptian queen who came to power after the death of her father, Ptolemy XII in the fifty-first century B.C., as Cleopatra was one of the famous figures in history. Dramatically, she was famous for the love of Julius Caesar, and her later marriage to Marc Anthony, and she was a model for the charming and beautiful romantic woman of that era, but historically it had a great impact on Roman politics in light of her critical circumstances that she was going through, she ruled Egypt immediately The death of her father with her brother Ptolemy the Thirteenth, and that was from fifty-one BC to the year forty-seven BC, then she ruled with her brother Ptolemy the fourteenth until the year forty-four BC, then she ruled with her son Ptolemy Caesar until the year thirty BC, as This coincided with the fall of Egypt under the control of the Romans after the defeat of Cleopatra and Antony’s combined forces against Octavian’s Roman armies.

The life of Queen Cleopatra

The ruler of Egypt, Ptolemy XII, who was called Aulitis, received his third daughter in the royal family in the winter of sixty-nine BC, and this child was named Cleopatra, which in Greek means the glory of her father, as Cleopatra joined the dynasty that ruled Egypt for more than two hundred and fifty years. Starting with Ptolemy I, who served in the fourth century BC as a general during the reign of Alexander the Great, and finally with the rule of Cleopatra.

Cleopatra was distinguished by many characteristics that she inherited from the Ptolemies: She appeared as an Egyptian citizen, except that her Greek origin was from her bloodstream, and Cleopatra – also known as Cleopatra VII historically – grew up in a palace located in Alexandria, where this palace included five sisters and brothers in addition to Cleopatra, whose mother’s identity was not confirmed by history It is reported that their mother was the sister of Ptolemy XII, who was called Cleopatra the Fifth, as the pharaohs in the past used to marry their sister; Influenced by the lives of the gods they worship.

Cleopatra and her brothers were raised in a way that would allow the continuation of this dynasty, which allowed women to rule independently, or to be partners with men in that so that they would receive education to be prepared for the rule of the Empire and manage its responsibility just as a man receives it in the ruling families, as this happens according to the Egyptian law that he followed. The Ptolemies at the time and Cleopatra was a beautiful and charming woman who charmed many of the important personalities of her era with her attractive personality, in addition to her beautiful musical voice and sharp intelligence represented in her political acumen in particular, and Cleopatra is mentioned that she spoke nine languages, in addition to being The first to speak the Egyptian language from the Pharaonic Ptolemies.

Ruling Cleopatra

Cleopatra ruled in 51 BC when she became the dominant ruler in which her brother Ptolemy shared, but that only lasted for a short period, as Queen Cleopatra was forced to give up the rule and fled to Syria, then she returned in 48 BC after forming an army to confront her brother, who He expelled her, and on the border, she met Caesar the Roman, who was heading to Egypt for two purposes, as one of his officers was killed on the border area after he sought asylum from Ptolemy, and Caesar was heading to Egypt to collect debts that were owed by King Ptolemy XII, which he needed to establish his rule, so she requested Queen Cleopatra helped him to regain her throne against her brother, so Caesar loved her when he saw her and was charmed by her, and he helped her to get the queen back to Egypt after they were besieged by the army of Ptolemy the Thirteenth. Egypt and some accounts mention that she married her younger brother Ptolemy the Fourteenth and gave birth to her son in 47 BC, who she called Ptolemy Caesar, or the little Caesar, who is believed to be the son of Caesar of Rome, but it is not certain.

The death of Cleopatra

The famous account of the death of Queen Cleopatra says that after Julius Caesar was assassinated, the ruler of the empire, Mark Antony, who was very severe and cruel in the rule, a love story broke out between Antony and Cleopatra, and then soon a war broke out between Antony and Julius Caesar’s legitimate son Octavius, who He defeated Anthony after a huge war called Ictum, after which Anthony committed suicide and Queen Cleopatra followed him after learning of the news of his suicide, as she placed a snake on her chest to sting her and then dies Many historians question the veracity of this novel, as they believe that it is an orchestrated story to make it seem like He committed suicide, but, as they believe, a murder committed by Octavius ​​after he controlled the rule of Egypt, and the evidence for that is that the son of Cleopatra, who sent him to Ethiopia for fear of him from Octavius, was found murdered, and two of the servants of Queen Cleopatra were found near her body, and this confirms the suspicions Scholars about her suicide story.